Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Molecular genetics: Molecular genetics is a branch of genetics and molecular biology that focuses on the structure and function of genes at a molecular level. It studies how genes are transferred from generation to generation, their expression, regulation, and how they influence the traits and behavior of organisms._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Behavioral Genetics on Molecular Genetic Studies - Dictionary of Arguments
Corr I 292 Molecular Genetic Studies/personality traits/behavioral genetics/Munafò: Problems with twin studies/VsTwin studies: Twin studies do not readily allow an estimation of gene × environment interaction effects, and these are typically included in the non-shared environment term, which also includes measurement error and other unmeasured effects such as developmental accidents due to chance. For these reasons, as genotyping of specific loci has become more cost-effective, research has moved towards the molecular genetic investigation of the biological basis of personality. >Personality traits, >Personality. Molecular genetic studies: a substantial literature has developed reporting data on the role of a variety of genetic variants, although only modest progress has been made in identifying molecular loci which robustly demonstrate association (Munafò, Clark, Moore et al. 2003)(1). Problems with molecular genetic studies/VsMolecular genetic studies: In common with genetic association studies in other disciplines, reports of highly significant associations between candidate genes and personality traits have typically not been followed by convincing replications. For instance, the report by Lesch’s group in 1996 (Lesch, Bengel, Heils et al. 1996)(2) of an association between variation in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene and emotional stability (or Neuroticism) generated much interest, but subsequent work has delivered inconsistent conclusions (Munafò, Clark and Flint 2005(3); Munafò, Clark, Moore et al. 2003(1); Schinka, Busch and Robichaux-Keene 2004(4); Sen, Burmeister and Ghosh 2004(5)). 1. Munafò, M. R., Clark, T. G., Moore, L. R., Payne, E., Walton, R. and Flint, J. 2003. Genetic polymorphisms and personality in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Molecular Psychiatry 8: 471–84 2. Lesch, K. P., Bengel, D., Heils, A., Sabol, S. Z., Greenberg, B. D., Petri, S. et al. 1996. Association of anxiety-related traits with a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene regulatory region, Science 274: 1527–31 3. Munafò, M. R., Clark, T. G. and Flint, J. 2005. Does measurement instrument moderate the association between the serotonin transporter gene and anxiety-related personality traits? A meta-analysis, Molecular Psychiatry 10: 415–19 4. Schinka, J. A., Busch, R. M. and Robichaux-Keene, N. 2004. A meta-analysis of the association between the serotonin transporter gene polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and trait anxiety, Molecular Psychiatry 9: 197–202 5. Sen, S., Burmeister, M. and Ghosh, D. 2004. Meta-analysis of the association between a serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and anxiety-related personality traits, American Journal of Medical Genetics B Neuropsychiatric Genetics 127: 85–9 Marcus R. Munafò,“Behavioural genetics: from variance to DNA“, in: Corr, Ph. J. & Matthews, G. (eds.)2009. The Cambridge handbook of Personality Psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Behavioral Genetics Corr I Philip J. Corr Gerald Matthews The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology New York 2009 Corr II Philip J. Corr (Ed.) Personality and Individual Differences - Revisiting the classical studies Singapore, Washington DC, Melbourne 2018 |
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> Counter arguments against Behavioral Genetics
> Counter arguments in relation to Molecular Genetic Studies
Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-28